Titanium Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder · heat-treated state
Titanium Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN
Properties of the ANN condition, compared with the other Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder tempers.
Use when wrought-equivalent ductility and property isotropy matter more than peak strength.
What is Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN?
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN is Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder heat treated to ANN — use when wrought-equivalent ductility and property isotropy matter more than peak strength. Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN has a yield strength of 910 MPa (132 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 84% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 113 GPa (16.4 Msi). Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN has a density of 4.43 g/cm³ (0.16 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,604°C (2,919 °F). SR is the default condition FabDigit quotes; ANN is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 910 MPa (132 ksi), better than 84% of titanium grades
Limitations
- High embodied carbon — 48 kg CO₂/kg, worse than 95% of titanium grades
- Low electrical conductivity — 1 % IACS, worse than 89% of titanium grades
- Poor heat conductor — 6.8 W/m·K (3.93 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 86% of titanium grades
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN properties
Typical room-temperature values for Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN — 10 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the titanium grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN has a density of 4.43 g/cm³ (0.16 lb/in³), lighter than 89% of titanium grades. It melts at 1,604°C (2,919 °F).
Mechanical16
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN has a yield strength of 910 MPa (132 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 84% of titanium grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 113 GPa (16.4 Msi).
Thermal6
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 6.8 W/m·K (3.93 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 86% of titanium grades. Thermal expansion is 8.7 µm/m·K (4.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN conducts electricity at 1 % IACS, worse than 89% of titanium grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is excellent (92/100), better than 53% of titanium grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN takes about 780 MJ of energy and emits 48 kg of CO₂ — more than 98% of titanium grades. Typical recycled content is 20%.
Manufacturability7
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN's machinability is poor (22/100, worse than 55% of titanium grades); weldability very good (75/100); formability poor (25/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder tempers and conditions
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder is also supplied in 9 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder overview.
- SRDefaultStandard as-delivered condition for L-PBF parts: removes residual stress and distortion risk while keeping high strength.1,010 MPa yield · 35 HRC
- AB-LPBFHighest strength but lowest ductility and high residual stress — only for non-critical or subsequently treated parts.1,120 MPa yield · 38 HRC
- STAChoose when maximum strength is needed in thin sections and reduced ductility/toughness is acceptable.1,080 MPa yield · 38 HRC
- ANNUse when wrought-equivalent ductility and property isotropy matter more than peak strength.910 MPa yield · 33 HRC
- AB-EBPBFHot (≈650–700 °C) build gives an in-situ annealed, low-residual-stress structure; typical for acetabular cups and lattice implants.890 MPa yield · 32 HRC
- HIPMandatory condition for fatigue-critical aerospace and implant parts: closes internal porosity and maximises ductility and fatigue life.880 MPa yield · 32 HRC
- EBPBF-HIPStandard route for fatigue-rated EBM implants and aero brackets; pore-free with wrought-level ductility.860 MPa yield · 31 HRC
Working with Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN
Is Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder easy to machine?
Low thermal conductivity and chemical reactivity: use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or AlTiN tools, 30–60 m/min, heavy flood coolant, and never dwell in the cut.
Can Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder be welded?
Excellent by GTAW, laser and EBW under high-purity argon or vacuum with full back-purge; keep O/N/H pickup low and avoid porosity from residual powder or contamination.
Can Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder be formed, bent or molded?
Processed by L-PBF/EB-PBF/DED rather than forming; keep powder dry and O₂ controlled, orient parts to limit overhangs, stress relieve before removal from plate, and HIP for fatigue-rated parts.
What surface finishes work on Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder?
Support removal plus machining, abrasive/chemical polishing or electropolishing; anodize per AMS 2488 for color/bio-surfaces, or grit-blast/plasma-spray HA on implants.
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| Alα stabiliser | 5.5 – 6.5 | 6 |
| Vβ stabiliser | 3.5 – 4.5 | 4 |
| FeELI limit | ≤ 0.25 | 0.15 |
| Oextra-low interstitial; key toughness driver, rises with powder reuse | ≤ 0.13 | 0.09 |
| C | ≤ 0.08 | 0.02 |
| N | ≤ 0.05 | 0.01 |
| H0.015 max allowed for some powder lots | ≤ 0.01 | 0 |
| Yyttrium residual limit | ≤ 0.01 | — |
| Other each | ≤ 0.1 | — |
| Other total | ≤ 0.4 | — |
| Ti | balance | — |
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN — frequently asked
What is Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN used for?
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN is typically used for spinal implants, hip/knee implant lattices, critical aerospace AM components and biomedical devices. In short: toughest AM titanium powder; implant-grade ELI chemistry; better fatigue than Grade 5.
What is the yield strength of Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN?
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN has a typical yield strength of 910 MPa (132 ksi) and a tensile strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) — stronger than 84% of titanium grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated poor (22/100, worse than 55% of titanium grades). Low thermal conductivity and chemical reactivity: use rigid setups, sharp uncoated-carbide or AlTiN tools, 30–60 m/min, heavy flood coolant, and never dwell in the cut.
Can Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (75/100). Excellent by GTAW, laser and EBW under high-purity argon or vacuum with full back-purge; keep O/N/H pickup low and avoid porosity from residual powder or contamination.
What surface finishes work on Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN?
Support removal plus machining, abrasive/chemical polishing or electropolishing; anodize per AMS 2488 for color/bio-surfaces, or grit-blast/plasma-spray HA on implants.
Can Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN be formed, bent or molded?
Processed by L-PBF/EB-PBF/DED rather than forming; keep powder dry and O₂ controlled, orient parts to limit overhangs, stress relieve before removal from plate, and HIP for fatigue-rated parts.
What is the maximum service temperature of Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN?
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-ANN is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder-SR and Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) AM Powder DED-HIP?
SR is the default condition — standard as-delivered condition for L-PBF parts: removes residual stress and distortion risk while keeping high strength. DED-HIP: use for large structural DED parts requiring certified fatigue and toughness (lack-of-fusion closure plus homogenised microstructure). Yield strength is 1,010 MPa in SR versus 865 MPa in DED-HIP.
Sources
- ASTM F3001 — Additive Manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V ELI with Powder Bed Fusion — ASTM International (2022)
- ASTM F136 / ASTM B348 Grade 23 (UNS R56401) — ASTM International (2022)
- AMS 7000 / AMS 4931 (L-PBF Ti-6Al-4V, HIP) — SAE International (2018)
- ASM Handbook Vol.2 — Properties and Selection: Nonferrous Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Ti64 ELI AM powder / L-PBF material datasheets — EOS, SLM Solutions, AP&C, Carpenter Additive (2023)
- MMPDS-17 Ti-6Al-4V property tables (wrought reference) — Battelle (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.