Steel SCM435 · supply condition · default condition
Steel SCM435-HR
Properties of the HR condition, compared with the other SCM435 tempers.
Default stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user.
What is SCM435-HR?
SCM435-HR is SCM435 supplied in the HR condition — default stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user. SCM435-HR has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 53% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). SCM435-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F).
Advantages
- Polishes to a fine finish — 65/100, better than 78% of steel grades
SCM435-HR properties
Typical room-temperature values for SCM435-HR — 12 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every SCM435 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
SCM435-HR has a density of 7.85 g/cm³ (0.284 lb/in³), heavier than 56% of steel grades. It melts at 1,416°C (2,581 °F).
Mechanical16
SCM435-HR has a yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 53% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 20% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
SCM435-HR is rated for continuous service to 400°C (752 °F). It conducts heat at 42 W/m·K (24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 56% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 12.3 µm/m·K (6.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
SCM435-HR conducts electricity at 7.8 % IACS, worse than 58% of steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (13/100), better than 66% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of SCM435-HR takes about 29 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 53% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 25%.
Manufacturability6
SCM435-HR's machinability is good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades); weldability fair (45/100); formability fair (45/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other SCM435 tempers and conditions
SCM435 is also supplied in 9 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the SCM435 overview.
- HRDefaultDefault stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user.450 MPa yield · 207 HB
- Q&T 40-44 HRCMaximum practical strength level for SCM435 fasteners and tooling; watch hydrogen embrittlement during plating.1,150 MPa yield · 42 HRC
- Q&T 34-38 HRCHigher-strength bracket for heavily loaded gears, spindles and class 10.9 fasteners where some toughness can be traded away.1,030 MPa yield · 36 HRC
- Q&TStandard JIS G4053 delivery condition for shafts, gears and high-tensile bolts needing ≥930 MPa with good toughness.850 MPa yield · 31 HRC
- Q&T 28-32 HRCBalanced strength/toughness bracket for general machined shafts, couplings and pressure components.820 MPa yield · 30 HRC
- CDPick for straight, size-accurate bright bar used directly for shafts and studs with light machining.660 MPa yield · 240 HB
- NormalizedUse to refine grain and homogenize forgings/weldments before final Q&T or for moderately loaded parts.510 MPa yield · 217 HB
- AnnealedSoftest machining condition and the usual delivery state for parts to be finish-hardened later.380 MPa yield · 175 HB
- SAStandard condition for SCM435 cold-heading wire used to make class 10.9/12.9 bolts.340 MPa yield · 160 HB
Working with SCM435-HR
Is SCM435 easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or normalized state (≈180–230 HB); above 32 HRC use coated carbide, rigid setups and reduced speeds, and finish-grind after hardening.
Can SCM435 be welded?
Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 200–300 °C preheat, controlled interpass and 600–680 °C PWHT to avoid HAZ cracking.
Can SCM435 be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1200 °C with slow cooling; cold heading only from spheroidize-annealed CHQ wire, followed by quench and temper.
What surface finishes work on SCM435?
No corrosion resistance of its own — zinc, zinc-nickel, Dacromet, phosphate-and-oil, nitriding or hard chrome are standard; bake after electroplating above 1000 MPa to relieve hydrogen embrittlement.
SCM435 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.33 – 0.38 | 0.35 |
| Si | 0.15 – 0.35 | 0.25 |
| Mn | 0.6 – 0.85 | 0.72 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 0.9 – 1.2 | 1.05 |
| Mo | 0.15 – 0.3 | 0.22 |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
SCM435-HR — frequently asked
What is SCM435-HR used for?
SCM435-HR is typically used for drive shafts, industrial bolts and crankshafts. In short: workhorse Cr-Mo bar.
What is the yield strength of SCM435-HR?
SCM435-HR has a typical yield strength of 450 MPa (65.3 ksi) and a tensile strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) — stronger than 53% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 10 listed tempers.
Is SCM435-HR easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated good (55/100, better than 62% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or normalized state (≈180–230 HB); above 32 HRC use coated carbide, rigid setups and reduced speeds, and finish-grind after hardening.
Can SCM435-HR be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (45/100). Weldable with low-hydrogen consumables but requires 200–300 °C preheat, controlled interpass and 600–680 °C PWHT to avoid HAZ cracking.
What surface finishes work on SCM435-HR?
No corrosion resistance of its own — zinc, zinc-nickel, Dacromet, phosphate-and-oil, nitriding or hard chrome are standard; bake after electroplating above 1000 MPa to relieve hydrogen embrittlement.
Can SCM435-HR be formed, bent or molded?
Hot forge at 1100–1200 °C with slow cooling; cold heading only from spheroidize-annealed CHQ wire, followed by quench and temper.
What is the maximum service temperature of SCM435-HR?
SCM435-HR is rated for continuous use to about 400°C (752 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between SCM435-HR and SCM435-CD?
HR is the default condition — default stock form for bar and plate that will be machined and then heat treated by the user. CD: pick for straight, size-accurate bright bar used directly for shafts and studs with light machining. Yield strength is 450 MPa in HR versus 660 MPa in CD.
Can FabDigit make parts in SCM435-HR?
Yes — SCM435-HR is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- JIS G 4053 — Low-alloyed steels for machine structural use — JSA (2016)
- GB/T 3077 — Alloy structural steels (35CrMo) — SAC (2015)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.4 — Heat Treating — ASM International (1991)
- SAE J404 — Chemical Compositions of SAE Alloy Steels (4135) — SAE International (2009)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.