Steel 20CrMnTi · heat-treated state
Steel 20CrMnTi Normalized
Properties of the Normalized condition, compared with the other 20CrMnTi tempers.
Used to refine forging structure and homogenize before final machining/carburizing; harder than annealed.
What is 20CrMnTi Normalized?
20CrMnTi Normalized is 20CrMnTi heat treated to Normalized — used to refine forging structure and homogenize before final machining/carburizing; harder than annealed. 20CrMnTi Normalized has a yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 60% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi). 20CrMnTi Normalized has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 87% of steel grades. It melts at 1,440°C (2,624 °F). Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Normalized is available on request or by drawing note.
20CrMnTi Normalized properties
Typical room-temperature values for 20CrMnTi Normalized — 8 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 20CrMnTi temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
20CrMnTi Normalized has a density of 7.8 g/cm³ (0.282 lb/in³), lighter than 87% of steel grades. It melts at 1,440°C (2,624 °F).
Mechanical14
20CrMnTi Normalized has a yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 60% of steel grades. Elongation at break is 18% and the elastic modulus is 207 GPa (30 Msi).
Thermal6
20CrMnTi Normalized is rated for continuous service to 350°C (662 °F). It conducts heat at 43 W/m·K (24.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 51% of steel grades. Thermal expansion is 11.7 µm/m·K (6.5 µin/in·°F).
Electrical2
20CrMnTi Normalized has an electrical resistivity of 2.2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is not recommended (12/100), worse than 53% of steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 20CrMnTi Normalized takes about 29 MJ of energy and emits 2.1 kg of CO₂ — less than 53% of steel grades. Typical recycled content is 30%.
Manufacturability7
20CrMnTi Normalized's machinability is fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades); weldability fair (40/100); formability good (55/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 20CrMnTi tempers and conditions
20CrMnTi is also supplied in 7 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 20CrMnTi overview.
- AnnealedDefaultStandard stock condition for bar and forgings that will be machined then carburized.400 MPa yield · 187 HB
- Carburized 58-62 HRCThe service condition for gears, splines and shafts: hard wear-resistant case with tough core and high bending fatigue strength.950 MPa yield · 60 HRC
- Q&T 200CThe standard-specified property condition; also used for through-hardened small parts needing very high strength.930 MPa yield · 40 HRC
- NormalizedUsed to refine forging structure and homogenize before final machining/carburizing; harder than annealed.480 MPa yield · 217 HB
Working with 20CrMnTi Normalized
Is 20CrMnTi easy to machine?
Machine in the annealed or isothermally annealed condition (≤217 HB) with carbide tooling; leave grinding stock for post-carburizing distortion, since the 58–62 HRC case can only be finished by grinding or hard turning with CBN.
Can 20CrMnTi be welded?
Poor as-welded weldability due to hardenability — preheat 200–300 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld temper; never weld carburized surfaces.
Can 20CrMnTi be formed, bent or molded?
Good hot forgeability at 1150–850 °C and acceptable cold forging/upsetting when spheroidize-annealed; avoid tight cold bends in hot-rolled or cold-drawn bar.
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTi?
Not anodizable; protect with oil, phosphating, black oxide, zinc or nickel plating — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement of high-hardness cases.
20CrMnTi chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | 0.17 – 0.23 | 0.2 |
| Si | 0.17 – 0.37 | 0.27 |
| Mn | 0.8 – 1.1 | 0.95 |
| Cr | 1 – 1.3 | 1.15 |
| Tigrain-refining addition | 0.04 – 0.1 | 0.07 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Niresidual max | ≤ 0.3 | — |
| Curesidual max | ≤ 0.25 | — |
| Moresidual max | ≤ 0.15 | — |
| Fe | balance | — |
20CrMnTi Normalized — frequently asked
What is 20CrMnTi Normalized used for?
20CrMnTi Normalized is typically used for gears, industrial drive shafts and pins. In short: carburizing Cr-Mn-Ti bar.
What is the yield strength of 20CrMnTi Normalized?
20CrMnTi Normalized has a typical yield strength of 480 MPa (69.6 ksi) and a tensile strength of 750 MPa (109 ksi) — stronger than 60% of steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is 20CrMnTi Normalized easy to machine?
Reasonably — machinability is rated fair (52/100, better than 52% of steel grades). Machine in the annealed or isothermally annealed condition (≤217 HB) with carbide tooling; leave grinding stock for post-carburizing distortion, since the 58–62 HRC case can only be finished by grinding or hard turning with CBN.
Can 20CrMnTi Normalized be welded?
With care — weldability is rated fair (40/100). Poor as-welded weldability due to hardenability — preheat 200–300 °C, use low-hydrogen consumables and post-weld temper; never weld carburized surfaces.
What surface finishes work on 20CrMnTi Normalized?
Not anodizable; protect with oil, phosphating, black oxide, zinc or nickel plating — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement of high-hardness cases.
Can 20CrMnTi Normalized be formed, bent or molded?
Good hot forgeability at 1150–850 °C and acceptable cold forging/upsetting when spheroidize-annealed; avoid tight cold bends in hot-rolled or cold-drawn bar.
What is the maximum service temperature of 20CrMnTi Normalized?
20CrMnTi Normalized is rated for continuous use to about 350°C (662 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 20CrMnTi Normalized?
Yes — 20CrMnTi Normalized is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- GB/T 3077 Alloy structural steels (2015)
- GB/T 699 / GB/T 702 bar dimensions & delivery conditions — SAC (2016)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1: Properties and Selection — Irons, Steels — ASM International (1990)
- ASM Handbook Vol.19: Fatigue and Fracture (carburized steels) — ASM International (1996)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.