Low Carbon Steel · 10xx Carbon Steel
Steel 1018
Steel 1018 is a low carbon steel steel — the standard machining steel. Typical values: 370 MPa yield, 7.87 g/cm³, rated to 400 °C. Available for CNC machining, Sheet metal at FabDigit.
Properties
Typical room-temperature values in the HR (hot Rolled) condition. Metric first, imperial in gray. The bars show where 1018 sits against the other 317 steel grades in the catalog.
Datasheet
| Yield strength | 370 MPa54 ksi |
|---|---|
| Tensile strength | 440 MPa64 ksi |
| Hardness | 126 HB |
| Density | 7.87 g/cm³0.284 lb/in³ |
| Specific strength (yield ÷ density) | 47 |
| Min service temp | -20 °C-4 °F |
| Max service temp | 400 °C752 °F |
| Electrical conductivity | 10 % IACS5.8 MS/m |
| Machinability | Very good70 / 100 |
| Weldability | Excellent90 / 100 |
| Formability | Very good80 / 100 |
| ISO 513 machining group | P |
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Against other steel grades
Strength versus weight in the steel family
Yield strength against density for every steel grade FabDigit runs. 1018 is highlighted; hover a dot for its name, or open the interactive family chart.
Manufacturability
The process limits FabDigit's quote engine applies to 1018. Design inside these and the part quotes instantly; outside them it routes to an engineer.
CNC machining
| Machinability | Better70 / 100 |
|---|---|
| ISO material group | P.1 |
| Cutting speed (rough / finish) | 220 / 260 m/min |
| Minimum wall | 0.8 mm |
| Minimum internal radius | 1 mm |
| Drill depth limit | 5× diameter |
| Best surface (machined / polished) | Ra 1.6 / 0.8 µm |
| Hardenable after machining | No |
Sheet metal
| Formability | Better80 / 100 |
|---|---|
| Weldability | Excellent90 / 100 |
| Bendable | Yes |
| Minimum bend radius | 1× thickness |
| Spring-back | Moderate |
| Welding processes | MIG, TIG, SPOT, SEAM, LASER, STICK |
Conditions and tempers
How 1018 is supplied and what each state is for. The default is what FabDigit quotes unless your drawing says otherwise.
| Condition | Best for | Yield MPa | Tensile MPa | Elong. % | Hardness |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HRDefault Hot Rolled (HR) | Cheapest steel, looser tolerance — welded frames, base plates | 220 | 400 | 25 | 116 HB |
CR Cold Rolled (CR) | Smoother and more precise than hot rolled — brackets, enclosures | 370 | 440 | 15 | 126 HB |
CD Cold Drawn (CD) | Precision bar with finished OD — shafts, pins, less machining | 370 | 440 | 15 | 126 HB |
Annealed Temper | Softest supply state — for forming, or when you heat-treat after machining | 185 | 365 | 30 | 105 HB |
Normalized Heat Treat State | Uniform and machinable — parts heat-treated later, or mild loads | 235 | 425 | 25 | 120 HB |
Heat treatment and post-processing
Operations FabDigit's suppliers routinely run on 1018, ranked by how often they make sense for this grade.
Heat treatment
| Quench & Temperrecommended | Achieve target hardness with controlled toughness28–55 HRC |
|---|---|
| Full Anneal | Restore ductility; relieve residual stress; coarsen grain |
| Stress Relief | Reduce residual stress without changing structure |
| Normalize | Refine grain; reset prior cold-work |
| Induction Hardening | Local surface hardening via induction50–62 HRC |
| Process Anneal | Reduce stress between cold-work steps |
| Flame Hardening | Local surface hardening via direct flame50–60 HRC |
| Case Harden (Carburize) | Diffuse C into surface; harden case to 60+ HRC58–64 HRC |
Post-processing
| Manual Deburr | Deburrstandard |
|---|---|
| Edge Break (0.5mm) | Deburr |
| Shot Peen | Blast |
| Glass Bead Blast | Blast |
| Laser Mark | Marking |
| CMM Inspection | Inspection |
| FAI Report | Inspection |
| Individual Bag | Packaging |
Surface finishes for 1018
Coatings and treatments compatible with steel on the processes 1018 runs on. Pick them in the quote configurator or call them out on the drawing.
Plating
- Chrome Plating
- Copper Plating
- Electroless Nickel (EN)
- Gold Plating
- Hard Chrome Plating
- Hot-Dip Galvanizing
- Nickel Plating
- Silver Plating
- Tin Plating
- Zinc Plating
- Zinc-Flake (Dip-Spin) Coating
- Zinc-Nickel Plating
PVD Coating
- AlCrN
- AlTiN
- CrN
- DLC
- MoS2
- TiAlN
- TiB2
- TiCN
- TiN
- WC/C
- ZrN
Organic Coating
- Cerakote
- E-Coating
- Epoxy Coating
- Painting
- Powder Coating
- PTFE Coating
CVD Coating
- CVD Al2O3
- CVD TiCN
- CVD TiN
- Multilayer CVD
Marking / Decoration
- Chemical Etching
- Dot Peen Marking
- Electro-chemical Etching
- Embossing / Debossing
- Ink Stamping
- Laser Marking
- Mechanical Engraving
- Steel Stamping
- Vibro Engraving / Scribing
Black / Phosphate
- Black Oxide
- Manganese Phosphate
- Zinc Phosphate
Thermal Spray
- HVOF Coating
- Plasma Spray
Equivalent designations
Standards and trade names that resolve to Steel 1018 in FabDigit's catalog. Equivalence is nominal — check the exact specification when certification matters.
- EN / DIN / Werkstoff-Nr.
- 1.0453C151.1147C18
- GB (China)
- 1516Mn
- JIS
- S15C
- Other
- CRS 1018mild steel 1018
Stock forms
Raw-material forms FabDigit sources 1018 in, with the common sizes held in North American stock.
- Plate thickness
- 1/4"8 mm10 mm1/2"15 mm20 mm1"30 mm
- Sheet thickness
- 0.5 mm0.8 mm1 mm1.2 mm1.5 mm2 mm2.5 mm3 mm4 mm5 mm6 mm
- Bar diameter
- 圆钢 Ø60.250"圆钢 Ø8圆钢 Ø10圆钢 Ø120.500"圆钢 Ø14圆钢 Ø16圆钢 Ø180.750"圆钢 Ø20圆钢 Ø22圆钢 Ø251.000"+23
- Bar flat
- 扁钢 20×3扁钢 25×4扁钢 30×6扁钢 40×4扁钢 50×5扁钢 60×10扁钢 80×8扁钢 100×12扁钢 120×12扁钢 150×16扁钢 200×20扁钢 250×25扁钢 300×30
- Bar square
- 方钢 6×6方钢 8×8方钢 10×10方钢 12×12方钢 16×16方钢 20×20方钢 25×25方钢 30×30方钢 40×40方钢 50×50方钢 63×63方钢 80×80方钢 100×100方钢 120×120+2
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison; hardness values on non-Brinell scales are converted approximately for charting only. Manufacturability limits are FabDigit quote-engine defaults and may be relaxed by engineering review. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.