Stainless Steel Custom 450 · temper
Stainless Steel Custom 450 Annealed
Properties of the Annealed condition, compared with the other Custom 450 tempers.
Supply/soft-martensite condition for machining, forming and welding before aging.
What is Custom 450 Annealed?
Custom 450 Annealed is Custom 450 in the Annealed temper — supply/soft-martensite condition for machining, forming and welding before aging. Custom 450 Annealed has a yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 92% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). Custom 450 Annealed has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 66% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). H900 is the default condition FabDigit quotes; Annealed is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High strength — 690 MPa (100 ksi), better than 92% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Limited ductility — 15%, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Low fracture toughness — 80 MPa·√m (72.8 ksi·√in), worse than 83% of stainless steel grades
Custom 450 Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for Custom 450 Annealed — 16 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every Custom 450 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the stainless steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
Custom 450 Annealed has a density of 7.75 g/cm³ (0.28 lb/in³), lighter than 66% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
Custom 450 Annealed has a yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 92% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 15% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
Custom 450 Annealed is rated for continuous service to 425°C (797 °F). It conducts heat at 15.9 W/m·K (9.19 BTU/hr·ft·°F), better than 56% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 10.6 µm/m·K (5.89 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
Custom 450 Annealed conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (60/100), worse than 58% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of Custom 450 Annealed takes about 57 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — more than 61% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 40%.
Manufacturability7
Custom 450 Annealed's machinability is fair (40/100, better than 73% of stainless steel grades); weldability good (65/100); formability fair (45/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other Custom 450 tempers and conditions
Custom 450 is also supplied in 7 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the Custom 450 overview.
- H900DefaultPick for maximum strength and hardness where chloride SCC risk is low.1,205 MPa yield · 42 HRC
- H950Slight over-age from peak: near-H900 strength with marginally better toughness.1,170 MPa yield · 40 HRC
- H1000Balanced strength/toughness with improved chloride SCC resistance; common for shafts and valve stems.1,100 MPa yield · 37 HRC
- H1025Over-aged temper for better ductility, toughness and stress-corrosion resistance at ~150 ksi class strength.1,000 MPa yield · 34 HRC
- H1050Use when 145 ksi class strength with high toughness and good chloride resistance is wanted.930 MPa yield · 32 HRC
- H1100Softer over-aged condition for maximum toughness and best SCC performance.860 MPa yield · 30 HRC
- H1150Lowest-strength aged temper: highest ductility/toughness and best resistance to chloride SCC.725 MPa yield · 28 HRC
- AnnealedSupply/soft-martensite condition for machining, forming and welding before aging.690 MPa yield · 26 HRC
Working with Custom 450 Annealed
Is Custom 450 easy to machine?
Machine in Condition A or at H1050–H1150 with rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds and flood coolant; work-hardens and galls like 17-4PH, so avoid dwelling and light finishing passes.
Can Custom 450 be welded?
Readily GTAW/GMAW/EBW welded without preheat using matched or 630/17-4PH filler; re-solution treat and age for full properties, or age-only for near-parent strength — no post-weld cracking issue thanks to Nb stabilization.
Can Custom 450 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only in the annealed condition with generous radii and springback allowance; hot work 1150–1200 °C and finish above 950 °C, then solution treat before aging.
What surface finishes work on Custom 450?
Passivate per ASTM A967 (nitric or citric) after machining; takes a fine polish and can be electropolished, chrome- or nickel-plated — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement at high hardness.
Custom 450 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| Mn | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| Si | ≤ 1 | 0.4 |
| P | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 14 – 16 | 15 |
| Ni | 5 – 7 | 6 |
| Mo | 0.5 – 1 | 0.75 |
| Cuprincipal precipitation hardener | 1.25 – 1.75 | 1.5 |
| Nb8 × C minimum (Cb stabilization) | ≈ 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Fe | balance | — |
Custom 450 Annealed — frequently asked
What is Custom 450 Annealed used for?
Custom 450 Annealed is typically used for aerospace landing gear components, hydraulic shafts and rods, pump and valve shafts, pulp and paper machine parts, marine fasteners and fittings and chemical process shafting. In short: tough custom PH stainless.
What is the yield strength of Custom 450 Annealed?
Custom 450 Annealed has a typical yield strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) and a tensile strength of 930 MPa (135 ksi) — stronger than 92% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 8 listed tempers.
Is Custom 450 Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (40/100, better than 73% of stainless steel grades). Machine in Condition A or at H1050–H1150 with rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, heavy feeds and flood coolant; work-hardens and galls like 17-4PH, so avoid dwelling and light finishing passes.
Can Custom 450 Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated good (65/100). Readily GTAW/GMAW/EBW welded without preheat using matched or 630/17-4PH filler; re-solution treat and age for full properties, or age-only for near-parent strength — no post-weld cracking issue thanks to Nb stabilization.
What surface finishes work on Custom 450 Annealed?
Passivate per ASTM A967 (nitric or citric) after machining; takes a fine polish and can be electropolished, chrome- or nickel-plated — bake after plating to avoid hydrogen embrittlement at high hardness.
Can Custom 450 Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Cold form only in the annealed condition with generous radii and springback allowance; hot work 1150–1200 °C and finish above 950 °C, then solution treat before aging.
What is the maximum service temperature of Custom 450 Annealed?
Custom 450 Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 425°C (797 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
What is the difference between Custom 450-H900 and Custom 450-H1150?
H900 is the default condition — pick for maximum strength and hardness where chloride SCC risk is low. H1150: lowest-strength aged temper: highest ductility/toughness and best resistance to chloride SCC. Yield strength is 1,205 MPa in H900 versus 725 MPa in H1150.
Can FabDigit make parts in Custom 450 Annealed?
Yes — Custom 450 Annealed is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A564/A564M — Hot-Rolled and Cold-Finished Age-Hardening Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes (Type XM-25) — ASTM International (2019)
- ASTM A693 — Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip — ASTM International (2016)
- Custom 450 Stainless (UNS S45000) alloy datasheet — Carpenter Technology (2020)
- ASM Handbook Vol. 1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- MMPDS-16 — Precipitation-hardening stainless steels — Battelle/FAA (2021)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.