Stainless Steel 316Ti · heat-treated state · default condition
Stainless Steel 316Ti Solution Annealed
Properties of the Solution Annealed condition, compared with the other 316Ti tempers.
Standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum corrosion resistance and ductility, non-magnetic.
What is 316Ti Solution Annealed?
316Ti Solution Annealed is 316Ti heat treated to Solution Annealed — standard stocked condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum corrosion resistance and ductility, non-magnetic. 316Ti Solution Annealed has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 316Ti Solution Annealed has a density of 8 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,375°C (2,507 °F).
Advantages
- Readily welded — 85/100, better than 86% of stainless steel grades
- Forms and bends easily — 72/100, better than 83% of stainless steel grades
- Ductile — tolerates forming and impact — 45%, better than 76% of stainless steel grades
Limitations
- Hard to polish — 55/100, worse than 89% of stainless steel grades
- Low strength — 260 MPa (37.7 ksi), worse than 84% of stainless steel grades
316Ti Solution Annealed properties
Typical room-temperature values for 316Ti Solution Annealed — 12 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 316Ti temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the stainless steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
316Ti Solution Annealed has a density of 8 g/cm³ (0.289 lb/in³), heavier than 92% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,375°C (2,507 °F).
Mechanical16
316Ti Solution Annealed has a yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 45% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
316Ti Solution Annealed is rated for continuous service to 800°C (1,472 °F). It conducts heat at 15 W/m·K (8.67 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 59% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
316Ti Solution Annealed conducts electricity at 2.3 % IACS, better than 55% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is very good (72/100), better than 74% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 316Ti Solution Annealed takes about 58 MJ of energy and emits 5.2 kg of CO₂ — more than 65% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 65%.
Manufacturability7
316Ti Solution Annealed's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability excellent (85/100); formability very good (72/100).
Common Calculations5
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 316Ti tempers and conditions
316Ti is also supplied in 5 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 316Ti overview.
- Solution AnnealedDefaultStandard stocked condition for plate, sheet, tube and bar — maximum corrosion resistance and ductility, non-magnetic.260 MPa yield · 160 HB
- Cold DrawnPick for bar and shafting needing higher yield, tighter tolerance and better chip control than annealed bar.520 MPa yield · 230 HB
- AnnealedGeneric softened stock designation used by distributors; mechanically equivalent to the solution-annealed condition.255 MPa yield · 155 HB
Working with 316Ti Solution Annealed
Is 316Ti easy to machine?
Gummy and work-hardening with abrasive TiC particles — use rigid setups, positive-rake coated carbide, 25–60 m/min, heavy constant feed and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 316Ti be welded?
Excellent by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW without pre- or post-weld heat treatment; use 318 (ER318 / 1.4576, Nb-stabilized) or 316L filler, low heat input, back-purge tube welds.
Can 316Ti be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well but with higher springback and force than carbon steel; anneal 1020–1120 °C + rapid cool after severe forming, hot work 1150–900 °C.
What surface finishes work on 316Ti?
Pickle and passivate (ASTM A967) or electropolish after welding; mirror polishing is limited by titanium inclusion streaks, so choose 316L for decorative bright finishes.
316Ti chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| CEN 1.4571 max 0.08 | ≤ 0.08 | 0.05 |
| SiASTM S31635 max 0.75 | ≤ 1 | 0.5 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | 0.03 |
| SEN max 0.015 | ≤ 0.03 | 0.01 |
| CrASTM 16.0–18.0; EN 16.5–18.5 | 16 – 18.5 | 17 |
| Ni | 10.5 – 14 | 12 |
| MoASTM 2.0–3.0 | 2 – 2.5 | 2.2 |
| Ti≥5×(C+N); EN 1.4571 max 0.70 | 0.3 – 0.7 | 0.45 |
| N | ≤ 0.1 | 0.03 |
| Fe | balance | — |
316Ti Solution Annealed — frequently asked
What is 316Ti Solution Annealed used for?
316Ti Solution Annealed is typically used for chemical pipework, reactor vessels, heat exchanger shells and tubes, expansion joints and bellows, flue-gas and exhaust ducting and pressure vessel flanges and fittings. In short: titanium-stabilized 316 stainless.
What is the yield strength of 316Ti Solution Annealed?
316Ti Solution Annealed has a typical yield strength of 260 MPa (37.7 ksi) and a tensile strength of 580 MPa (84.1 ksi) — weaker than 84% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 316Ti Solution Annealed easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and work-hardening with abrasive TiC particles — use rigid setups, positive-rake coated carbide, 25–60 m/min, heavy constant feed and flood coolant; avoid dwelling.
Can 316Ti Solution Annealed be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated excellent (85/100). Excellent by GTAW/GMAW/SMAW without pre- or post-weld heat treatment; use 318 (ER318 / 1.4576, Nb-stabilized) or 316L filler, low heat input, back-purge tube welds.
What surface finishes work on 316Ti Solution Annealed?
Pickle and passivate (ASTM A967) or electropolish after welding; mirror polishing is limited by titanium inclusion streaks, so choose 316L for decorative bright finishes.
Can 316Ti Solution Annealed be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms and deep draws well but with higher springback and force than carbon steel; anneal 1020–1120 °C + rapid cool after severe forming, hot work 1150–900 °C.
What is the maximum service temperature of 316Ti Solution Annealed?
316Ti Solution Annealed is rated for continuous use to about 800°C (1,472 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 316Ti Solution Annealed?
Yes — 316Ti Solution Annealed is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- EN 10088-1/-2/-3 Stainless steels (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2, 1.4571) — CEN (2014)
- ASTM A240/A276/A312 (UNS S31635) — ASTM International (2022)
- GB/T 1220 / GB/T 24511 (0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti ) — SAC (2017)
- ASM Handbook Vol.1 — Properties and Selection: Irons, Steels, and High-Performance Alloys — ASM International (1990)
- Stainless steel 1.4571 / 316Ti datasheet — Outokumpu / Sandvik (2023)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.