Stainless Steel 310 · finish state
Stainless Steel 310 cold_finished
Properties of the cold_finished condition, compared with the other 310 tempers.
310 bar cold drawn then ground/polished to size — higher strength and better surface/tolerance than hot rolled, austenite stays essentially non-magnetic.
What is 310 cold_finished?
310 cold_finished is 310 supplied in the cold_finished condition — 310 bar cold drawn then ground/polished to size — higher strength and better surface/tolerance than hot rolled, austenite stays essentially non-magnetic. 310 cold_finished has a yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 62% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi). 310 cold_finished has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 67% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F). Solution Annealed is the default condition FabDigit quotes; cold_finished is available on request or by drawing note.
Advantages
- High service temperature — 1,100°C (2,012 °F), better than 96% of stainless steel grades
310 cold_finished properties
Typical room-temperature values for 310 cold_finished — 36 properties are specific to this condition; the rest are grade-level values shared by every 310 temper. Each bar shows where the value sits among the stainless steel grades in FabDigit's library — further right is higher.
Physical3
310 cold_finished has a density of 7.9 g/cm³ (0.285 lb/in³), heavier than 67% of stainless steel grades. It melts at 1,400°C (2,552 °F).
Mechanical16
310 cold_finished has a yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 62% of stainless steel grades. Elongation at break is 35% and the elastic modulus is 200 GPa (29 Msi).
Thermal6
310 cold_finished is rated for continuous service to 1,100°C (2,012 °F). It conducts heat at 14.2 W/m·K (8.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F), worse than 76% of stainless steel grades. Thermal expansion is 15.9 µm/m·K (8.83 µin/in·°F).
Electrical3
310 cold_finished conducts electricity at 2.2 % IACS, worse than 61% of stainless steel grades.
Chemical & Environmental3
Corrosion resistance is good (62/100), worse than 53% of stainless steel grades.
Sustainability4
Producing a kilogram of 310 cold_finished takes about 55 MJ of energy and emits 4.6 kg of CO₂ — less than 51% of stainless steel grades. Typical recycled content is 45%.
Manufacturability7
310 cold_finished's machinability is fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades); weldability very good (70/100); formability fair (50/100).
Values are nominal handbook figures for design screening. Certified mill or lot data ships with every FabDigit order on request.
Other 310 tempers and conditions
310 is also supplied in 5 other conditions. The full side-by-side table is on the 310 overview.
- Solution AnnealedDefaultStandard supply condition for 310/310S plate, sheet, bar and tube — maximum ductility, homogeneous carbide-free austenite before high-temperature service.310 MPa yield · 150 HB
- Cold DrawnChoose for close-tolerance bar, studs and fasteners needing higher strength and a bright finish at room temperature; ductility and creep-relevant softness reduced until first high-temperature exposure.550 MPa yield · 220 HB
- Cold WorkedLight temper-rolled strip or spring-back stock where extra room-temperature yield strength and flatness are needed; anneal before high-temperature service to avoid recrystallisation distortion.520 MPa yield · 24 HRC
- cold_finished310 bar cold drawn then ground/polished to size — higher strength and better surface/tolerance than hot rolled, austenite stays essentially non-magnetic.415 MPa yield · 200 HB
- Hot RolledPick for heavy plate and hot-finished bar where a final anneal is not required because the part sees high-temperature service anyway.340 MPa yield · 170 HB
- AnnealedGeneric soft annealed condition sold as plate, coil (2B/No.1) and hot-finished bar; mechanically equivalent to solution annealed for this grade.305 MPa yield · 150 HB
Working with 310 cold_finished
Is 310 easy to machine?
Gummy and strongly work-hardening: use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, 25–60 m/min with heavy feed, never dwell, and flood with high-lubricity coolant to avoid glazing.
Can 310 be welded?
GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 310/25-20 filler; fully austenitic weld metal is hot-crack sensitive, so keep low heat input, limit interpass temperature and avoid dilution with high-carbon or high-S base material — no preheat, no post-weld heat treatment needed.
Can 310 be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well but needs ~50 % more press force than 304 and allowance for high springback; hot work at 1150–1200 °C and follow with 1040–1120 °C solution anneal.
What surface finishes work on 310?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the Cr-rich film; grinding, brushing and electropolishing are all practical, anodizing is not applicable.
310 chemical composition (wt %)
Limits by weight percent from the governing specification, written the way the spec states them — a single maximum for impurities, a range for alloying elements, and the base element as balance. Nominal is the typical mid-range value.
| Element | Spec limit (wt %) | Nominal |
|---|---|---|
| C310S limits C ≤0.08; EN 1.4841 is 0.10–0.20 with higher Si | ≤ 0.25 | 0.12 |
| SiEN 1.4841: 1.5–2.5 Si for extra oxidation resistance | ≤ 1.5 | 0.6 |
| Mn | ≤ 2 | 1.3 |
| P | ≤ 0.05 | — |
| S | ≤ 0.03 | — |
| Cr | 24 – 26 | 25 |
| Ni | 19 – 22 | 20.5 |
| Febalance, ≈52 % | balance | — |
310 cold_finished — frequently asked
What is 310 cold_finished used for?
310 cold_finished is typically used for heat treatment baskets and fixtures, furnace retorts and muffles, radiant tubes, burner nozzles and sleeves, cement kiln parts and petrochemical high-temperature ducting. In short: extreme oxidation resistance.
What is the yield strength of 310 cold_finished?
310 cold_finished has a typical yield strength of 415 MPa (60.2 ksi) and a tensile strength of 690 MPa (100 ksi) — stronger than 62% of stainless steel grades. Strength varies by condition: see the 6 listed tempers.
Is 310 cold_finished easy to machine?
Not especially — machinability is rated fair (38/100, better than 63% of stainless steel grades). Gummy and strongly work-hardening: use rigid setups, positive-rake carbide, 25–60 m/min with heavy feed, never dwell, and flood with high-lubricity coolant to avoid glazing.
Can 310 cold_finished be welded?
Yes — weldability is rated very good (70/100). GTAW/GMAW/SMAW with matching 310/25-20 filler; fully austenitic weld metal is hot-crack sensitive, so keep low heat input, limit interpass temperature and avoid dilution with high-carbon or high-S base material — no preheat, no post-weld heat treatment needed.
What surface finishes work on 310 cold_finished?
Pickle and passivate after hot work or welding to restore the Cr-rich film; grinding, brushing and electropolishing are all practical, anodizing is not applicable.
Can 310 cold_finished be formed, bent or molded?
Cold forms well but needs ~50 % more press force than 304 and allowance for high springback; hot work at 1150–1200 °C and follow with 1040–1120 °C solution anneal.
What is the maximum service temperature of 310 cold_finished?
310 cold_finished is rated for continuous use to about 1,100°C (2,012 °F). Strength falls off well before that limit — check the elevated-temperature data for load-bearing parts.
Can FabDigit make parts in 310 cold_finished?
Yes — 310 cold_finished is available for CNC machining and sheet metal with instant online pricing. Upload a STEP file to get a price and a DFM check.
Sources
- ASTM A240/A240M — Cr and Cr-Ni Stainless Plate, Sheet and Strip (S31000/S31008) — ASTM International (2023)
- ASTM A276/A479 — Stainless Steel Bars and Shapes — ASTM International (2022)
- EN 10095 — Heat resisting steels and nickel alloys (1.4841, 1.4845) — CEN (2018)
- JIS G 4304 / G 4305 — Hot and cold rolled stainless steel plate (SUS310S) — JSA (2021)
- GB/T 4237 / GB/T 1220 — (0Cr25Ni20 / 06Cr25Ni20) — SAC (2015)
- ASM Specialty Handbook: Stainless Steels — ASM International (1994)
- Outokumpu Steel Grades 4841/4845 datasheet — Outokumpu (2022)
Property data is compiled from published supplier and standards handbooks and normalised for comparison. Nothing on this page is a certification — request mill certs, CoC or material test reports with your order.